American business magazine Forbes has published its annual list of the richest people on the African continent.

The list has 18 billionaires who are worth an estimated $73.8 billion, slightly more than the $73.4 billion aggregate worth of the 20 billionaires on last year’s list of Africa’s richest people.

The continent’s 18 billionaires are worth an average $4.1 billion, 12% more than a year ago, driven in part by Nigeria’s surging stock market.

The 18 billionaires from Africa hail from seven different countries. South Africa and Egypt each have five billionaires, followed by Nigeria with three and Morocco with two.

For the tenth year in a row, Aliko Dangote of Nigeria is the continent’s richest person, worth $12.1 billion, up by $2 billion from last year’s list thanks to a roughly 30% rise in the share price of Dangote Cement, by far his most valuable asset.

The second richest is Nassef Sawiris of Egypt, whose largest asset is a nearly 6% stake in sportswear maker Adidas.

At number three: Nicky Oppenheimer of South Africa, who inherited a stake in diamond firm DeBeers and ran the company until 2012, when he sold his family’s 40% stake in DeBeers to mining giant AngloAmerican for $5.1 billion.

The biggest gainer this year is another Nigerian cement tycoon, Abdulsamad Rabiu. Remarkably, shares of his BUA Cement PLC, which listed on the Nigeria Stock Exchange in January 2020, have doubled in value in the past year.

The only two women billionaires from Africa, Folorunsho Alakija of Nigeria and Isabel dos Santos of Angola have both fallen off the list.

Forbes calculates that the fortune of Alakija of Nigeria, who owns an oil exploration company, dropped below $1 billion due to lower oil prices. And Isabel dos Santos, who since 2013 has been the richest woman in Africa, was knocked from her perch by a series of court decisions freezing her assets in both Angola and Portugal. In January 2020, the attorney general of Angola charged Dos Santos with embezzlement and money laundering. The Angolan court claimed that actions taken by Dos Santos, her husband Sindika Dokolo (who died in October 2020, reportedly in a scuba diving accident) and one other associate caused the Angolan government losses of at least $1.14 billion. Forbes has marked Dos Santos’ frozen assets at zero. Through a spokesperson, Dos Santos declined to comment.

1. Aliko Dangote - Net worth: $12.1 billion

2. Nassef Sawiris - Net worth: $8.5 billion

3. Nicky Oppenheimer & family - Net worth: $8 billion

4. Johann Rupert & family - Net worth: $7.2 billion

4. Mike Adenuga - Net worth: $6.3 billion

6. Abdulsamad Rabiu - Net worth: $5.5 billion

7. Issad Rebrab & family - Net worth: $4.8 billion

8. Naguib Sawiris - Net worth: $3.2 billion

9. Patrice Motsepe - Net worth: $3 billion

10. Koos Bekker - Net worth: $2.8 billion

11. Mohamed Mansour - Net worth: $2.5 billion

12. Aziz Akhannouch & family - Net worth: $2 billion

13. Mohammed Dewji - Net worth: $1.6 billion

14. Youssef Mansour - Net worth: $1.5 billion

15. Othman Benjelloun & family - Net worth: $1.3 billion

16. Michiel Le Roux - Net worth: $1.2 billion

16. Strive Masiyiwa - Net worth: $1.2 billion

18. Yasseen Mansour - Net worth: $1.1 billion