Cost Planning and Estimating: QSs prepare detailed cost estimates for projects, including materials, labor, and other expenses, and develop cost plans to guide budgeting. Budgeting: They work with clients to establish realistic budgets and monitor costs throughout the project lifecycle. Cost Control: QSs implement measures to control costs, identify potential overruns, and recommend solutions to stay within budget. Tendering: They prepare tender documents, evaluate bids, and manage the tendering process for contractors. 2. Contract Management: Contract Drafting and Negotiation: QSs draft and negotiate contracts, ensuring they clearly define the scope of work, payment terms, and other contractual obligations. Contract Administration: They oversee contract administration, ensuring that all parties adhere to the agreed-upon terms and conditions. Dispute Resolution: QSs help resolve contractual disputes that may arise during the project.